{"id":"pubsub-at-least-once-delivery","text":"Pub/Sub guarantees at-least-once delivery — duplicates are possible, and publish-side duplicates can have different `publishTime` values with the same `messageId`.","truth_value":"IN","source":"entries/2026/03/10/pubsub-publisher.md","source_url":"","source_hash":"a526c8035db6642f","justifications":[],"dependents":[],"metadata":{},"explanation":{"steps":[{"node":"pubsub-at-least-once-delivery","truth_value":"IN","reason":"premise"}]}}